Beeswax is produced by the (female) worker honeybees. The wax is secreted from wax glandson the underside of the bee’s abdomen and is molded into six sided cells which are filled with honey, then capped with more wax. When honey is harvested, the top layer of wax that covers the cells, or the cappings, must be removed from each hexagon shaped cell. Just to put it into perspective, one pound of wax requires the bees to consume about ten pounds of honey!
The composition of beeswax is complex, but contains hydrocarbons, straight chain monohydric alcohols, acids, hydroxy acids, oils and other substances.
Impurity: <2%
Hydrocarbon: 17-18%
Melting point: 62-67 °C
Density(20 °C ): 0.954-0.964
Acid value(KOH mg/g): 5.0-8.0 16.0-23
Iodine: 8.0-13.0
Saponification(KOH mg/g): 75.0-110.0
Refractive index(75 °C ): 1.4410-1.4430