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N-type and P-type are terms commonly associated with semiconductor materials, especially in the context of electronic devices like
transistors and diodes. These terms refer to the type of doping or impurities added to a semiconductor material to modify its
electrical properties. Semiconductors are materials that have electrical conductivity between that of conductors and insulators.

1. N-type Semiconductor:
* In N-type semiconductors, the dominant charge carriers are electrons.
* This type of semiconductor is created by introducing impurities, such as phosphorus or arsenic, which have more electrons
in their outer shells than the atoms of the semiconductor material.
* The additional electrons from the impurities become the majority charge carriers and contribute to electrical conduction.
* Electrons are negatively charged particles.


2. P-type Semiconductor:
* In P-type semiconductors, the dominant charge carriers are holes (absence of electrons).
* P-type semiconductors are created by introducing impurities, such as boron or gallium, which have fewer electrons in their
outer shells than the atoms of the semiconductor material.
* The introduced impurities create "holes" in the crystal lattice, which can accept and conduct positive charge.
* Holes can be thought of as positive charge carriers, even though they are technically the absence of electrons.


In summary, the key difference between N-type and P-type semiconductors lies in the type of majority charge carriers they
support—N-type semiconductors have electrons as the majority carriers, while P-type semiconductors have holes (positive charge
carriers) as the majority carriers. These different types of semiconductors are essential for building various electronic
components, such as diodes and transistors, which form the basis of modern electronic devices.