Industrial Water Softener FRP Tank Water Treatment

Principles of Ion Exchange to Soften Water

Calcium and magnesium ions are atoms having a positive electrical charge, as do sodium and potassium ions. Ions of the same charge can be exchanged. In the ion exchange process, a granular substance (usually a resin) that is coated with sodium or potassium ions comes into contact with water containing calcium and magnesium ions. Two positively charged sodium or potassium ions are exchanged (released into the water) for every calcium or magnesium ion that is held by the resin. This “exchange or trade” happens because sodium or potassium are loosely held by the resin. In this way, calcium and magnesium ions responsible for hardness are removed from the water, held by the resin, and replaced by sodium or potassium ions in the water. This process makes water “soft.” Eventually, a point is reached when very few sodium or potassium ions remain on the resin, thus no more calcium or magnesium ions can be removed from the incoming water. The resin at this point is said to be “exhausted” or “spent,” and must be “recharged” or “regenerated.”

Water Softener – Service Mode When the water softener is providing soft water, it is said to be in Service mode.

During this Service cycle, water first enters the resin filled vessel from the top. The cations or the Calcium and Magnesium ions (hardness minerals) are immediately attracted towards the resin where the sodium ions are exchanged for the calcium and magnesium ions. Soft water flows out from the outlet.
This ion exchange takes place layer wise.(see diagram below) The top layer gets depleted of the sodium ions first followed by the lower layers.
Slowly the entire bed of resin is depleted of sodium ions since all resin beads get covered with calcium and magnesium ions.
Now It is time to regenerate the water softener resins.

Water Softener– Regeneration Mode Eventually the entire resin beads become saturated with hardness mineral cations of calcium and magnesium. At this point the water softener resin beads need to be replenished with sodium ions.
This process of replenishing the resin beads with sodium ions is known as regeneration.
During this process, the resin beads are washed with a strong salt water solution. This salt water solution is known as Brine.
As the brine gets in contact with the resin beads, the sodium in the brine forces the calcium and magnesium to be released and discharged as waste.

After sometime the entire beads are once again coated completely with sodium ions.

Domestic water softener

Single tank and single valve water softener

Dual tank and dual valves water softener

Magnetic water softener used for agricultural/farming irrigation,pipe descaler, hardness water, both,washing,etc.

UV Water sterilizer used for water disinfection, waste water, sea water, river water, industrial,swimming pool, dringking water disinfection.

Skid mounted sand media filter system used for agricultural/farming irrigation, cooling town, dirty water, etc.

SS bag filter housing used for different filtration degree,from 1~1000um. oil filtration, juice filtration and all kinds of liquid filtration

PP cartridge filter can filter 0.1 micron to 1000micron rate rang.

Automatic water softener, hardness removal by calcium and magnesium ion exchange for industrial boiler water and home water

Activated carbon filter tank used for  water plant, waste water treatment, sewage water treatment to remove odor, color, for ro system pre-treatment.

Automatic backwash multi cartridges filter used for non-stop/continuous filtration during backwash process, for chemical industry etc

Automatic self-cleaning brush filter, 100um/200um/500um ect. used for cooling tower/chemical industry

Condenser tube cleaning device used for air conditioning, chiller fouling, heat exchanger tubes.

Open Channel UV Disinfection system used for wastewater, Municipal, aquaculture recirculating.

Cyclone sand separator for removing the more than 300 microm sand.