Surfactin is a very powerful surfactant commonly used as an antibiotic. It is a bacterial cyclic lipopeptide, largely prominent for its exceptional surfactant power.Its amphiphilic properties help this substance to survive in both hydrophilic and hydrophobic environments. It is an antibiotics produced by the Gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria Bacillus subtilis.In the course of various studies of its properties, surfactin was found to exhibit effective characteristics like antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anti-mycoplasma and hemolytic activities.
Structure and Synthesis
Surfactin's structure consists of a peptide loop of seven amino acids (L-asparagine, L-leucine, glutamic acid, L-leucine, L-valine and two D-leucines), and a hydrophobic fatty acid chain thirteen to fifteen carbons long which allows it to penetrate cellular membranes. Glutamic acid and aspartic acid residues at positions 1 and 5 respectively, constituting a minor polar domain. On the opposite side, valine residue at position 4 extends down facing the fatty acid chain, making up a major hydrophobic domain. Below critical micellar concentrations (CMCs) the fatty acid tail can extend freely into solution, and then participate in hydrophobic interactions within micelles.This antibiotic is synthesized by a linear nonribosomal peptide synthetase, surfactin synthetase, and has, in solution, a characteristic "horse saddle" conformation that explains its large spectrum of biological activity.
Antibacterial and antiviral properties
Surfactin, true to its antibiotic nature, has a very significant antibacterial property, as it is capable of penetrating the cell membranes of all types of bacteria. There are two main types of bacteria and they are Gram-negative and Gram-positive. The two bacteria types differ in the composition of their membrane. The Gram-negative bacteria have an outer lipopolysaccharide membrane and a thin peptidoglycan layer followed by a phospholipids bilayer, whereas the Gram-positive bacteria lack the outer membrane and carry a thicker peptidoglycan layer as well as a phospholipids bilayer.This is an essential factor that contributes to surfactin’s detergent-like activity as it is able to create a permeable environment for the lipid bilayer and causes disruption that solubilizes the membrane. For surfactin to carry out its antibacterial property successfully, the bacterium needs to be treated with a high concentration. In fact, surfactin needs to be in concentrations between 12–50 µg/ml in order for it to carry out minimal antibacterial effects.This is also known as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The antiviral effects of surfactin distinguish this antibiotic from others. This property is such because surfactin has been found to disintegrate enveloped viruses. Surfactin not only disintegrates the viral lipid enveloped, but also the capsid of the virus through ion channel formations. This process has been proven through test on several envelop viruses such as HIV and HSV. Also, the isoforms of the fatty acid chain containing 14 or 15 carbon atoms exhibited an improvement in inactivation of the viral envelops. Unfortunately, surfactin only affected cell-free viruses and those that had penetrated the cell were unaffected. Concurrently, if surfactin were exposed to a high medium of protein or lipid concentrations, its antiviral activity would be limited. This is also known as the buffer effect and is a significant drawback in surfactin’s antiviral activity.
Our Referance Specification, for more details, pls contact us for COA,MSDS and certification:
C.The IR spectrum of sample should be identical with that of reference standard;
Complies
D.HPLC-ESI-MS
The retention time of the major peak in the chromatogram of the Assay preparation corresponds to that in the chromatogram of the Standard preparation, as obtained in the Assay.
Complies
Crystallinity
meets the requirements.
Complies
Loss on drying
≤2.0%
0.19%
Heavy metals
≤10 ppm
<10ppm
Water
≤1.0%
0.1%
Sulphated ash
≤0.5%, determined on 1.0 g.
0.009%
Related substances
Unspecified impurities: for each impurity
≤0.10%
<0.10%
Total Impurity
≤0.5%
0.18%
Purity
≥99.0%
99.7%
Assay
99.0%~101.0% (anhydrous substance).
99.8%
Microbiological Analysis
Total plate count
≤1000cfu/g
Complies
Yeast and Moulds
≤100cfu/g
Complies
E. Coli.
Absent
Negative
Salmonella
Absent
Negative
S.aureus
Absent
Negative
Storage
Preserve in well-closed, light-resistant and airtight containers.
Complies
Packaging & Shipping
Our normal packaging is 25kgs/Drum
The packaging can be costomised. the shipping term can be by sea, by air, and sample or small quantity can be shipped by DHL, FEDEX, EMS and TNT.
Our Services
a) Free sample can be supplied.
b) Guide our clients by professinal knowledge and teach them how to use our product after sales
c) Accpet SGS,BV any other third-party inspection before loading
d) High quality best price Guaranteed
FAQ
Why do you choose Dideu Industries as your partner?
A) High quality can be guaranteed. Dideu Industries since 1975 are reputed chemical manufacturer and are Certified by ISO,GMP and have CEP/COS certification.Free sample can be arranged before shipment and SGS,BV and other third party inspection company are accepted before loading.For regular customers, we accept L/C 180 Days, D/P,D/A payment term. If there is any quality problem after goods arrive. Dideu Industries will do fully payment refund.
B) Best price can be guaranteed. As Dideu Industries are integrated pharmaceuticals and chemicals producer
the production cost can be controlled and price will be definitely more competitive than China trading companies.
C) Professional enginners from Dideu Industries will give professional usage guide and services after sales.
D) Dideu Industries work 7×24 hours and your request will be processed by our professional staff in different shift period.
Company Information
Dideu Industries is one of the largest producer for general chemical, pharmaceutical, nutrition additive, natural extracts, agrochemical and Daily-Use Chemical in China and is headquartered in Shaanxi, China. The Dideu Group comprises subsidiaries and joint ventures in more than 10 countries and operates six integrated production sites and 21 other production sites in Europe, Asia, Australia, Americas and Africa.Its headquarters is located in Xi’An,China. Dideu has customers in over 200 countries and supplies products to a wide variety of industries.
At the end of 2014, the company employed more than 13000 people. In 2014, Group Dideu posted sales of 30 billion and income from operations before special items of about 7.5 billion. The company is currently expanding its international activities with a particular focus on Asia countries. Between 1990 and 2005, the company invested 5.2 billion in Asia, for example in sites near Guangxi,Yunnan, Sichuan, Shaanxi China,Mangalore in India,Bangkok, Thailand,Hanoi, Vietnam etc.
Dideu Industries Consist Of Five Industry Chains:
I), Pharmaceutical Industries
II), Nutrition Additive Industries
III), Daily-Use Chemical Products Industries & Agrochemicals
IV), Environmental Friendly Chemical And Chemurgy Industries
V), Petrochemical Industries
VI), General Chemical Industry
At Dideu, we redefine chemistry to make the world better - and have been doing so for 75 years. As one of the world's leading chemical company, we combine economic success with environmental protection and social responsibility.Through science and innovation we enable our customers in nearly every industry to meet the current and future needs of society.
At Dideu, we create chemistry for a sustainable future with science for a better life.Dideu is a Life Science company with a long and glorious history and core competencies in the areas of health care and agriculture. With our innovative products, we are contributing to finding solutions to some of the major challenges of our time. The growing and increasingly aging world population requires improved medical care and an adequate supply of food. Dideu is improving people's quality of life by preventing, alleviating and treating diseases. And we are helping to provide a reliable supply of high quality food, feed and plant based raw materials.We develop new molecules for use in innovative products and solutions to improve health. Our research and development activities are based on a profound understanding of the biochemical processes in living organisms.Our goal is to achieve and sustain leadership positions in our markets, thus creating value for our customers, stockholders and employees. To this end, our strategy is designed to help solve some of the most pressing challenges facing humankind, and by doing this exceptionally well we aim to strengthen the company's earning power. We are committed to operating sustainably and addressing our social and ethical responsibilities as a corporate citizen, while at the same time respecting the interests of all our stakeholders. Employees with a passion for innovation enjoy excellent development opportunities at Dideu.Exclusive Focus on the Life Science BusinessesFollowing the economic and legal independence of our former Material Science subgroup.Dideu has charted the course for its successful development as a Life Science company. Our Life Science businesses hold leading positions in innovation driven growth markets. Together they make up a strong, attractive and balanced portfolio that is resistant to fluctuations in demand and to potential risks.The previous structure comprising a strategic management holding company and operational subgroups has thus been replaced by an integrated organization under the umbrella of the strong Dideu brand. The company's operations are managed in three divisions Pharmaceuticals, Consumer Health and Crop Science and the Animal Health business unit.The business continues to be supported by the corporate functions, Dideu Business Services and the service company Currenta, while Technology Services is being integrated into Dideu Group, forming the Engineering and Technology function.
