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Urea Chemical Properties |
Melting point | 132-135 °C(lit.) |
Boiling point | 332.48°C (estimate) |
density | 1.335 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
vapor pressure | <0.1 hPa (20 °C) |
refractive index | n20/D 1.40 |
storage temp. | 2-8°C |
solubility | H2O: 8 M at 20 °C |
pka | 0.10(at 25℃) |
form | powder |
color | white |
Specific Gravity | 1.335 |
Odor | almost odorless |
PH | 8.0-10.0 (20℃, 8M in H2O) |
Water Solubility | 1080 g/L (20 ºC) |
λmax | λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.03 λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.02 |
Merck | 14,9867 |
BRN | 635724 |
Stability: | Substances to be avoided include strong oxidizing agents. Protect from moisture. |
InChIKey | XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
LogP | -1.660 (est) |
CAS DataBase Reference | 57-13-6(CAS DataBase Reference) |
NIST Chemistry Reference | Urea(57-13-6) |
EPA Substance Registry System |
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Uses | The primary use of urea is as a nitrogen source in fertilizers, with about 90% of the urea production being used for this purpose. Urea's high nitrogen content (46%) makes it a concentrated source for adding fixed nitrogen to soils. It can be applied to the soil alone, but its high nitrogen content can stress plants and impact the soil negatively, so it is often blended with other nutrients. Blending also reduces the nitrogen content of the fertilizer. For example, blending with ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3, in different proportions produces fertilizers with various nitrogen contents. Urea in the soil is converted to ammonium nitrogen and taken up by plants. It can be applied in solid granule form or dissolved in water and used as a spray. Urea is also used agriculturally as a supplement in livestock feeds to assist protein synthesis. Another use of urea is for resins, which are used in numerous applications including plastics, adhesives, moldings, laminates, plywood, particleboard, textiles, and coatings. Resins are organic liquid substances exuded from plants that harden on exposure to air. The term now includes numerous synthetically produced resins. Urea resins are thermosetting, which means they harden when heated, often with the aid of a catalyst. The polymerization of urea and formaldehyde produces urea-formaldehyde resins, which is the second most abundant use of urea. Urea is dehydrated to melamine, which, when combined with formaldehyde, produces melamine-formaldehyde resins. |
Uses | urea is incorporated into cosmetics for a variety of purposes, including moisturizing, desquamating, anti-microbial, and buffering. urea is regarded as a “true” moisturizer rather than a humectant because it attracts and retains moisture in the corneum layer. It facilitates the natural exfoliation of keratinocytes given its ability to dissolve intercellular cement in the corneum layer. Through its anti-microbial properties that inhibit the growth of micro-organisms in a product, urea can also be part of a larger preservative system. This ingredient’s buffering action is attributed to its ability to regulate the hydrolipid mantle. In addition, urea is found to enhance the penetration and absorption of other active ingredients, relieve itchiness, and help leave the skin feeling soft and supple. Anti-inflammatory, anti-septic, and deodorizing actions allow it to protect the skin’s surface against negative changes and help maintain healthy skin. Studies show that urea does not induce photoallergy, phototoxicity, or sensitization. The safest concentration of use in skin care preparations is between 2 and 8 percent. High concentrations of urea seem to be unstable when incorporated into skin care preparations and can also cause irritation. Acidic urea solutions can produce burning or stinging sensations. |
Uses | Used for the denaturation of proteins and as a mild solubilization agent for insoluble or denatured proteins. Useful for renaturing proteins from samples already denatured with 6 M guanidine chloride such as inclusion bodies. May be used with guanidine hydrochloride and dithiothreitrol (DTT) in the refolding of denatured proteins into their native or active form. |
Uses | anticholelithogenic; LD50(rat) 890 mg/kg ip |
Uses | Urea is a physiological regulator of nitrogen excretion in mammals; synthesized in the liver as an end-product of protein catabolism and excreted in urine. Also occurs normally in skin. Emollient; diu retic. |
Uses | 1) UREA, FCC is an odorless and colorless solid that is an important nitrogen-containing substance found in mammal urine.2) Urea has little or no nutritional value to monogastric mammals but Urea is used in sugar-free chewing gum to adjust the texture |
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